Post-Disaster Communications: Enabling Technologies, Architectures, and Open Challenges

The number of disasters has increased over the past decade where these calamities significantly affect functionality communication networks. In context 6G, airborne and spaceborne networks offer hope in disaster recovery to serve underserved be resilient calamities. Therefore, our paper reviews state-of-the-art literature on post-disaster wireless provides insights for future establishment such particular, we first give an overview works investigating general procedures strategies facing any large-scale disaster. Then, present technological solutions communications, as terrestrial infrastructure, installing aerial networks, using Afterwards, shed light aspects primarily physical networking issues. We channel modeling, coverage capacity, radio resource management, localization, energy efficiency layer part, discuss integrated space-air-ground architectures, routing, delay-tolerant/software-defined edge computing part. This also includes interesting simulation results which can provide practical guidelines about deployment ad hoc network architectures emergency scenarios. Finally, several promising research directions, namely backhauling, cache-enabled intelligent reflective surface-enabled placement optimization base stations (ABSs), mobility-related that come into play when deploying planning their trajectories consequent handovers (HOs).